Kmart and Sears Marketing :: Business Analysis

A foc customd cost leadership strategy would be appropriate, in other words, a attention to consumers. Cost focus is a strategy that will focus on a particular buyer groups or a geographic market and attempt to serve altogether that place, to the censure of others. When looking at cost factors, there are very few options available to K-Mart in developing a pricing strategy to compete with posterior or Wal-Mart. Therefore, K-Mart would not have many price strategy options available. However by using a cost focus strategy, and matching the quality of sanitary known brands but keeping cost low by eliminating advertising and promotional expenses will save K-Mart money. Should Kmart and Sears keep their own identities and have unique warring strategies, or should they be combined in some way with a new over all(prenominal) corporate competitive strategy? Please defend your answer.The cite issues for K-Mart strategies are finding the right cost level for an opportunity to be aggressiv e, and differentiating the production for consumer in terms of different consumer and different intangible product attributes. K-Mart and Sears should be combined with a new overall corporate competitive strategy using a cost focus. This may turn out to be the only sensible strategy, and the one which best describes the strategy adopted. Strategies of cost leadership and product differentiation are often described as if they were mutually exclusive you good deal either pursue one or the other, but not both. You can either minimize cost or you can aim for the highest quality of product and customize according to the requirements of the market place. Some products are by their nature standardized. However it is impossible to differentiate the product in the mind of consumer. This tends to put all the emphasis on cost and therefore on prices. There is no point in the consumer paying extra for the same products. However by K-mart and Sears should use strategies like changing the locat ion of stores in a more appealing destination. Both would need development of new name brand products, ones that would be commence cost and a higher quality for customers. Question 2Read the short Kmart case study on pages 161-162 carefully and answer the following questionsWhat melodic phrase competitive strategies were used by each of Kmarts major competitors? Wal-Mart follows a lower cost competitive strategy and cost leadership. For Wal-Mart, strategic thinking is the help of continuously redefining its objectives. Competitive advantage over its competitors both actual and potential and management of risk to levels regarded as acceptable by the corporations main(prenominal) stakeholders.

Essay --

Syria (Syrian Republic) is a rustic in Western Asia, its neighboring countries ar Turkey, Iraq, Jordan and Israel. Syria is a country of ethnic and religious diversity, it is home to the Arab Sunnis, Arab Christians, Armenians, and Assyrians however, Arab Sunnis make up most of the population. Home to 22,457,336, the official language and lingua franca, in Syria is Arabic nevertheless there are also other languages such as Kurdish, Armenian, Circassian, French and English are also used to communicate. Pertaining to human rights, 89.9% of the Syrian populace has drinking water sources, and 95.2% take a shit access to sanitation facilities. In comparison to more developed countries, Syrians do not have high a literary rate of that of other countries. This is pass judgment because on average, males have a school life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) of 12 years, and females have a school life expectancy of 11 years. 4% of children ages 5-14 are exposed to child labor. The issue of human rights has been a significant concern. Authorities in Syria are accused of arresting human rights activists, censoring websites. specifically in Syria, women face discrimination, and are not valued in society. According to Amnesty international reports, women have been subject to discrimination and gender- based violence. Women have more social and legal restrictions in their private lives. This view of women, being subordinate to men, has carried on to politics, where women remain marginalized, and they have not had opportunities to extend their insight and leaders to others Syrian women have long been underrepresented in Syrian politics, despite gaining the right to vote in 1949, and the right to stand as parliamentary candidates in 1953... ...n any steering discourage to pursue leadership under unjust legislations. Possible solutions can also include the involvement of NGOs and member nations governments to implement education programs, skills building and leade rship training that prepare female for leadership positions. This will allow women to have expertise in the management and knowledge of global markets, advocacy and decision-making, that promote their chances of obtaining a leadership position.Additionally, transparent processes for hiring, promotion, and leadership develop should be established about to ensure that the process is free of discrimination and affirmative action quotas for hiring women should also be enforced.Works Citedhttp//www.un.org/womenwatch/feature/women_leadership/On-line_discussion_report_Women_in_Leadeship_Roles.pdfhttps//www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sc11149.doc.htm

Overcoming Fear in Frank O’Connor’s First Confession Essay -- First Co

Overcoming Fear in candid OConnors First Confession expression Count includes detailed outlineDavid W. Madden believes several of Frank OConnors stories reflect his personal life and goals. Jackie, the teenage protagonist, in the First Confession, loves his find as equally as OConnor loved his mother. Madden also believes OConnor should have selected a religious calling because the non-Christian priests mentioned in his stories incorporate the subservient impact on the laitys lives (3227). Understanding women, contributed by his mothers influence, frequently are displayed in OConnors writings. Madden feels that almost of OConnors stories focus on nave, sensitive figures who struggle with what seems to them the insoluble mysteries of existence, such as childrens journey through life (3227-28). The grade reinforces the theme that a child overcoming a fear of the unknown can enhance his sense of confidence.The plot of First Confession is about a young boy, Jackie, trying to conquer the terror of telling his first confession. Jackies problems begin when his grandmother comes to live at the house. He detests her for being an alcoholic, slovenly ill-mannered woman. nigh of all, Jackie is upset that he is excluded from the penny allowance that his sister, Nora, gets. Because his sister and grandmother side against him, Jackies life becomes intolerable. Jackie is preparing to receive his First Penance and First Holy Communion. Mrs. Ryan, the organized religion education teacher, projects a negative image to Jackie about confessing his sins. She is a woman who only spoke of Hell and mentioned Heaven only by accident. Jackie feels she is a skirt where Hell had the first place in her heart (176). Mrs. Ryan entices the children with money to stick their finger in the flame of a candle. She associates this with burning in Hell. An example is a horrid story about a man who makes a bad confession. The man wakes a priest in the middle of the night insisting he make a co nfession. After the priest is dressed, the man is gone only to leave behind his handprints burned into the sheets. Jackie is forced to go to confession with his wicked sister, Nora. When it is Jackies turn to go into the confessional, he is so nervous that he kneels on the armrest. Consequently, he slips and plunges out the door. Nora is embarrassed and begins to smack him. As soon as the priest sees... ...3.Mrs. Ryan is trying to teach the children to live a faithful life, not to be afraid of confessing.VIII.To defeat the terror of the unknown increases ones self- assurancewhole kit and boodle CitedBowden, Curtis. Synopses and Quick Critiques. Frank OConnor cutting Perspectives. Eds. Robert C. Evans and Richard Harp. West Cornwall, CT. Locust Hill, 1988. 297-350.Denio, Megan L. The Child In, Around and of Father Fogarty. Frank OConnor New Perspectives. Eds. Robert C. Evans and Richard Harp. West Cornwall, CT. Locust Hill, 1988. 139-147.Evans, Robert C. and Katie Magaw. raillery and Paradox in Frank OConnors Style. Frank OConnor New Perspectives. Eds. Robert C. Evans and Richard Harp. West Cornwall, CT. Locust Hill, 1988. 149-155.Madden, David W. First Confession/ OConnor. Masterplots II 8. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Pasadena, CA. Salem Press, 1996. 3226-3228.OConnor, Frank. First Confession. Frank OConnor Collected Stories. New York Vintage Books, 1982. 175-182.Werber, Owene. A Womans Voice Speaking. Frank OConnor New Perspectives. Eds. Robert C. Evans and Richard Harp. West Cornwall, CT. Locust Hill, 1988. 121-350.

Margaret Atwoods Cats Eye :: essays research papers

Trace the development of the bullying. How convincing atomic number 18 the situation and Elaines feelings argon portrayed.-How it changes and increasesWe are first introduced to Cordelia and prepared for the future conflict amongst the cardinal girls when it is mentioned, "The third girl doesnt wave". This lack of warmth towards Elaine is a premonition of what is to come, and is at the same time believable- new girls are often leery of each other, uncertain of what the other will be bid. This key moment also reveals certain character aspects in both Cordelia and Elaine that continue through pop the bullying period, for example Cordelias judgmental attitude "her eyes are measuring" or " Cordelia is looking past me to where my parents are"      To me, this first meeting seems too lively on detail, too unbelievable because of the amount of detail that the adult Elaine has remembered. I cannot remember so far back as to what another per sons eyes looked like even yesterday, perhaps what they said made a deep impact and I would have remembered it, but surely a conversation between two girls when they were eight years old would not have been remembered in such great accuracy so many years afterwards.     Soon after Cordelias stretch she begins to intimidate Elaine, albeit unintentionally, by leading Elaine to make judgements and comparisons which she had not made before "It occurs to be for the first time that we are not rich." Showing the early signs of instancy and bullying starting to happen. Much of Cordelias character is also related to the audience at this point, her grownup behaviour is revealed "She has a smile like a grown-ups", " merely children dont shake hands like this", "I feel shy with Cordelia", as is her childish nature, "The soft squishy kind, like peanut butter". These extreme swings are shown later when Cordelia appears to be friends wi th Elaine, while really harassing her. This again is typical of children- that they pick up on the behaviour of their parents is quite natural, especially in Cordelias circumstances which are related when Elaine visits her with "I ask Cordelia if she is gifted, but she puts her tongue in the corner of her moth and turns away". The main motive to bully Elaine seems to be the neglect that she has to deal with at home- the older siblings who are gifted and her ordinariness and inability to be more like them.

Russ Feingold :: essays research papers

On March 2, 1953, in Janesville Wisconsin, a United States Senator was born. He was named Russell Dana Feingold, and he grew up shaping, and discussing his political views around the dinner table with his father, Leon, a founding member of Wisconsins Progressive Movement. 51 years later, Feingold is a third term U.S. Senator know for work both on Campaign Finance Reform, and on other issues critical to the multitude of Wisconsin. Feingold first ran for office at the age of 29, and immediately began to number recognition as a rising star in Wisconsin politics. After defeating a longtime incumbent State Senator by the thin margin of 31 votes out of 47,000, Feingold sat down and began the real work of politics. After 4 years as a State Senator from southern Wisconsin, Feingold began to gain respect and grasp from his colleagues on both sides of the aisle. Feingold was re-elected to the State Senate in twice before joining a three way primary for U.S. Senator in 1992. Feingold was th e least known scene in the race, but through hard work, and popular TV ads, Feingold received 70% of the vote, and became the Democratic Nominee. Defeating an incumbent Senator is never easy, but Feingold managed to do it, by receiving 52% of the vote, and defeating 2-time incumbent Robert Kasten. As Senator from Wisconsin, Feingold is known for his independence and free thinking. Feingold once said. I find it to be the most satisfying moment in politics when people of differing ideologies come together in support of an issue. He is widely regarded as a man who has the best interests of the people of Wisconsin at heart, what earned him this reputation was his agreement during his first Senate campaign in 1992, to hold one listening session in each of Wisconsins 72 counties each year. This way, any Wisconsinite could discuss issues straight with Senator Feingold, without an appointment. One issue that was continually coming up in those early listening sessions was Campaign Finance Reform. With the help of his friend John McCain, Republican Senator from Arizona, Feingold worked for close 7 years on his flagship piece of legislation, what would later become known as the McCain-Feingold Campaign Finance Reform Act. The bill, when it was eventually passed in 2001 succeeded in prohibition unlimited soft money contributions given by corporations to political parties in exchange for favors, or access to politicians.

Russ Feingold :: essays research papers

On March 2, 1953, in Janesville Wisconsin, a United States Senator was born. He was named Russell Dana Feingold, and he grew up shaping, and discussing his political views around the dinner table with his father, Leon, a founding member of Wisconsins Progressive Movement. 51 years later, Feingold is a third term U.S. Senator cognise for work both on Campaign Finance Reform, and on other issues critical to the bulk of Wisconsin. Feingold first ran for office at the age of 29, and immediately began to get out recognition as a rising star in Wisconsin politics. After defeating a longtime incumbent State Senator by the thin margin of 31 votes out of 47,000, Feingold sat down and began the real work of politics. After 4 years as a State Senator from southern Wisconsin, Feingold began to gain respect and appreciation from his colleagues on both sides of the aisle. Feingold was re-elected to the State Senate in twice before joining a three way primary for U.S. Senator in 1992. Feingold was the least known aspect in the race, but through hard work, and popular TV ads, Feingold received 70% of the vote, and became the Democratic Nominee. Defeating an incumbent Senator is never easy, but Feingold managed to do it, by receiving 52% of the vote, and defeating 2-time incumbent Robert Kasten. As Senator from Wisconsin, Feingold is known for his independence and free thinking. Feingold once said. I find it to be the most satisfying moment in politics when people of differing ideologies come together in support of an issue. He is widely regarded as a man who has the best interests of the people of Wisconsin at heart, what earned him this reputation was his make merry during his first Senate campaign in 1992, to hold one listening session in each of Wisconsins 72 counties each year. This way, any Wisconsinite could discuss issues at once with Senator Feingold, without an appointment. One issue that was continually coming up in those early listening sessions was Campaign Finance Reform. With the help of his friend John McCain, Republican Senator from Arizona, Feingold worked for closely 7 years on his flagship piece of legislation, what would later become known as the McCain-Feingold Campaign Finance Reform Act. The bill, when it was eventually passed in 2001 succeeded in proscription unlimited soft money contributions given by corporations to political parties in exchange for favors, or access to politicians.

Governments Should Not Negotiate With Terrorists Essay

Would you give a thief $100,000 to sequestrate aim your stolen purse back? If you were to give a thief $100,000, you would make him calculate that he can make a profit out of stealing purses. The thief would also use the $100,000 to buy a gun or different weapons or vehicles that would help him steal proximo purses. Now think about the thief as a terrorist and you as a governing body activity. Should political sciences negotiate with terrorists? Terrorism activities fork over increased these past few years due to faulty decisions made by governments when dealing with terrorists.Many have made the mistake of compromising with terrorists, which makes them pop out weak and targetable, which only sponsors future terrorist acts. The outcomes of past government agreements with terrorists have only worsened and perpetuated this situation. The paying of millions of dollars as ransom to terrorist kidnappers and hostage/takers has also fuelight-emitting diode future terrorist attacks and has only made terrorism profitable, making it much attractive to terrorists.Governments legitimize terrorism by compromising therefore governments should not negotiate with terrorists, rather interact and weaken their agreements by refusing them any concessions and targeting individuals within their groups. The reasoning behind terrorism is that violence can be used to attract the attention of governments and the general public, who as a direct, succumb to the terrorists ideas and/or desires. Unfortunately, this terrorist tactic is sometimes telling, like in the 2004 Madrid Bombings. On March 11, ETA, a terrorist organization, bombed four commuter trains in Madrid.Their objective was to cause a political change in Spain the elections were that same weekend. Before the bombings, the Peoples Party was the voters favorite, entirely ETAs terrorist attack caused a drastic change in the ballot and the Socialist Party won. After winning the election, the Socialist Party decided t o wrap up the Spanish troops in Iraq, which is what ETA wanted. Because of this turn of events, Downing says the terrorists would be able to claim that their bombings had influenced both a European election and the situation in Iraq. (Downing 38-39) Since the people and the government reacted to the attack the way ETA wanted it too, the terrorists could have considered the attack successful, and as a consequence may attack again. The message the government sent ETA is that if they want a change, they should just use violence to obtain it. Governments must be cargonful with terrorists interest and their own interests when making controversial decisions, especially those made short after terrorist attacks, like the bombings in Madrid. In that case, the decision was whether or not to remove Spanish troops from Iraq.ETA wanted them removed, and the Socialist Party decided to remove them because of the pressure they were put under. Removing the troops was a mistake because it just plea sed the terrorists it made the terrorists feel they can manipulate the government through pressure induce by brutality. Governments should always include terrorist interests in important decision-making, but not to make the decision in the terrorists favor, rather to make the decision in a way that terrorists are not satisfied by it and cannot take any credit from it.Governments must show that they are strong, and that they are not and give not be influenced by terrorism. (Downing 38-39) Governments make themselves appear weak by succumbing to pressure, and sometimes the pressure does not even come from the terrorists in the situation, but from early(a) governments, leaders or groups. so far if they might want to interfere for the most pacific reasons, quietude negotiations with terrorists do not have the best outcomes. First of all, they are terrorists therefore, their favorite and only way of attempting to achieve their goals is through violence.This means that if they do not receive what they desire through force, they believe they cannot get it through peace either. Secondly, terrorists are unpredictable they cannot be trusted. Thirdly, most terrorists do not back down, especially jihadists, because they are leaveing to lose their life for what they believe in. Lastly, if a government makes peace with terrorists, and the terrorists do not keep their end of the deal, then the government will appear weak and defeated, while the terrorist will appear victorious. These are the reasons for which governments should not attempt to make peace with terrorists.They should try to end terrorism instead of making a truce with it. A perfect example of why governments should not seek peace from terrorists is an incident the U. S. government had in Fallujah. U. S. Marines attempted to compromise with jihadists in Fallujah after being pressured by European officials and human rights groups. The U. S. Secretary of State, Colin Powell, utter they wanted peace instead o f war in Fallujah, but the jihadists misunderstood and considered the compromise a victory over the Americans. (Rubin 19-20) As a result, the misunderstanding led to 30 car bombings.Not only did the U. S. appear weak because of this failed compromise it also encouraged the jihadists to carry on with their terrorist acts because the jihadists believed they defeated them, and that they were capable of defeating them again. Truces with terrorists are very(prenominal) tricky and unpredictable, and should always be avoided because an unfavorable outcome can be catastrophic and can lead to more violence. Just as truces with terrorists can be very tricky, negotiating with terrorist kidnappers and hostage-takers can be very tricky as well.Recently terrorists use these tactics to do an audience full of suspense. These tactics now create more attention than massacres and bombings because people are getting more accustomed to them as they happen. (Rubin 22) Kidnappings/hostage takings are b ecoming more and more touristed and sadly, governments have been making it even more popular by making it profitable. They make it profitable by negotiating and paying ransoms to terrorists because negotiating with kidnappers legitimizes their act and as a result further proliferates terrorism.It has spread terrorism because the terrorists have learned that kidnapping/hostage-taking has become very profitable. (Rubin 23) In March 2000, Muammar al-Qadhafi, a Libyan leader, paid Abu Sayyaf, a hostage-taker found in the Philippines, a $25 million ransom for the release of priests, teachers, and children he had kidnaped from a school. (Rubin 23) After receiving the money, Abu Sayyaf expanded his terrorist group from a couple hundred to more than a thousand members and bought speedboats and weapons, which were used for other kidnappings.By paying the terrorist such a large ransom to keep the captives from getting harmed, Muammar al-Qadhafi funded future kidnappings, putting more people in danger. The paying of the ransom also made kidnapping productive for Sayyaf, because they technically rewarded him for terrorism, encouraging him to carry out more terrorist acts because he will get money or other concession out of them. The same case occurred in Sahel. The Bin Laden of the Desert, Ammari Saifi, took 32 European vacationers in the Algerian desert, and held them hostage for 177 days. The German government paid a five million euroransom and they were released, but Ammari Saifi used the money to buy weapons and vehicles. (Rubin 24) The German government funded future kidnappings similar to how the Libyan leader did. It is a pattern terrorists kidnap citizens they ask for reward in return for the hostages and then they use the ransom they get paid to repeat this cycles/second more effectively (with new and more members, weapons and vehicles). Governments should not keep rewarding terrorists with million dollar ransoms because all they have been doing is perpetuatin g the cycle instead of ending it.Governments should use force to recover captives and avoid rewarding terrorists with ransoms. It is an actual U. S. government polity to deny hostage takers the benefit of ransom, prisoner releases, policy changes, or other acts of concession. (Counter-Terrorism History, Strategy and Tactics Web) Western governments should also respond to kidnapping by thinking about the safety of the majority of their citizens instead of an individual. Even though it could end in injury or death of the captive, in the long term it prevents further kidnappings.(Rubin, 24) So governments should try their best to recover captives, but without the use of ransoms because in the long run, a short tragedy is better than the endangerment a larger amount of citizens. Governments should not appease with terrorists, they should use intelligence to take them down instead. In a war between networks, the side with superior intelligence wins. (Garreau 60) The more information a nd technology is obtained, the better the chances of defeating the terrorists are because more effective strategies can be put into action. Governments should use this fuckledge to find the leader and how to target them.The leader of the group is key because the disruption or terrorist leaderships weaken terrorist organization and causes them to struggle and expose themselves. (Rubin, 27) This has been happening with Osama bin Laden and his terrorist organization The loss of bin Laden and these other key operatives puts the network on a course of action of decline that will be difficult to reverse. (Country Reports on Terrorism 2011 Web) Be careful with this strategy Better the devil you know. Like Libyan dictatorMoammar Gaddafi, keep him alive, because you know him. Who knows what sort of clever mastermind might replace him. (Garreau 60) Past concessions to terrorists have proven that government negotiations with them make terrorism productive therefore governments should margin alize, isolate or eliminate the threat. Doing so would make terrorist acts unprofitable for those who carry them out. In order to avoid the further proliferation of terrorism, governments must take a firm stand against these foes and direct a message of zero tolerance against terrorist acts. ? Works Cited Chapter 1. Strategic Assessment. U. S. Department of State. U. S. Department of State, 31 July 2012. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. . Counter-Terrorism History, Strategy and Tactics. Counter-Terrorism History, Strategy and Tactics. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. . Downing, David. Madrid Bombings. The state of war on Terror. Mankato Arcturus Publishing, 2008. 38-39. Print. Garreau, Joel. Intelligence Gathering Is the Best Way to Reduce Terrorism. At Issue. Are Efforts to Reduce Terrorism Succesful? Ed. Lauri S. Friedman. Farmington Hills Greenhaven Press, 2005. 57-63. Rubin, Michael and Suzanne Gershowitz. Governments Should Never Negotiate with Terrorists. At Issue. Should Governments Negotiate with Terrorists? Ed. Amanda Hiber. Farmington Hills Greenhaven Press, 2008. 15-29.

Accounting Cycle Paper

When reservation decisions, businesses must provide and be able to realize relevant and accurate financial breeding. Being able to gather and understand this information helps companies make the best informed decisions for business operations, which can only profit the company. When it comes to gathering the information needed, it is pertinent that companies fully understand each pace of the accounting rack.Averkamp (2010) defines the accounting cycles/second as a cognitive process that includes the following step identifying, collecting and analyzing documents and transactions, recording the transactions in diarys, posting the journalized amounts to accounts in the general and subsidiary ledgers, preparing an un adjusted trial sense of equilibrium, perhaps preparing a worksheet, determining and recording adjusting entries, preparing an adjusted trial balance, preparing the financial statements, recording and posting finis entries, preparing a post-closing trial balance, and perhaps recording reversing entries (p. ).The accounting cycle is made op of eight basic move witch include The basic steps in the accounting cycle atomic number 18 (1) identifying and measuring transactions and other events (2) journalizing (3) posting (4) preparing an unadjusted trial balance (5) making adjusting entries (6) preparing an adjusted trial balance (7) preparing financial statements and (8) closing. Identifying and measuring transactions and other events The first step in the accounting cycle is determining what information that should be recorded.Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield (2007) explain that items should be recognized if, it is an element, is measurable, and is relevant and reliable (p 68). Companies are able to recognize as many dealings as they wish, especially if they disembodied spirit that these dealings will affect the financial position of the company. Journalizing Journalizing includes entering the financial transactions and events into a journal. As part of the journalizing process general ledger, t-accounts, and general journals are used.Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield (2007) explain that the general ledger contains all the assets, liability, stockholders equity, revenue, and expense accounts (p 69). T-accounts are used to visualize the affects of the debit and assign on more then one account. A general journal chronologically lists transactions and other events, expressed in terms of debits and credits to accounts (Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield, 2007, p 69). Posting Posting, defined by Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield (2007) is the process of transferring journal entries to the ledger accounts.The general ledger provides information for the Balance Sheet . Trial Balance The trial balance step in the accounting cycle is the process of totaling the debits and credits and making sure that the sum of all debits equals the sum of all credits. Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield (2007), state that the procedures for preparing a trial balance includes, l isting the account titles and their balances totaling the debit and credit columns and providing the equality of the two columns (p. 74).Adjusting Entries Adjusting Entries are journal entries that are made at the end of the accounting period, to adjust expenses and revenues to the accounting period where they actually occurred (Cram, 2011, p 1). Adjusting entries are required every time the company prepares financial statements. Adjusting entries can be classified as prepayments or accruals. The purpose for this step in the accounting cycle is to determine the net income for the current period and to achieve an accurate statement of the end-of-the-period balance in assets, liabilities, and owners equity (Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield, 2007).Adjusted trial balance The contiguous step in the accounting cycle is the step adjusted trial balance. This step is important because it is where companies make sure that the debits still equal the credits after making the adjustments in the previ ous step. Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield (2007) explain that, It shows the balance of all accounts, including those adjusted, at the end of the accounting period (p. 84). Preparing Financial StatementsThe seventh step in the accounting cycle is where the company would prepare the financial statements from the second trial balance. Closing The last step in the accounting cycle is closing entries. This is where companies prepare and post closing entries in order to transfer balances from temporary accounts to owners equity on the balance sheet. This step reduces the balance of normal accounts to zero to prepare the accounts for the next periods transactions (Kieso, Weygandt & Warfield, 2007).Referenceshttp//www.college-cram.com/study/accounting/accounting-cycle/adjusting-entries-in-accounting/

Katherine mansfield Essay

One of the worlds leading short story writers, Katherine Mansfield was born in 1888 in New Zealand. The second child of Annie and Harold Beauchamp, Katherine grew up in Thordon in Wellington at bottom a large b cardinaly family. In 1893, her parents, siblings, grandmother and aunts completely moved to Chesney Wold where Katherine wrote of any(prenominal) happier measure, the majority of which she has used deep down her stories. Attending Wellington Girls College and Miss Sawinsons private school, Katherine and her two sisters then moved to London to attend and complete their education at Queens College, London.It was here that Katherine decided to use a pen place, Katherine Mansfield and began writing Juliet, a novel which she never wrote to its entireity. (The Katherine Mansfield Birthplace Society Inc) Through bulge her action history Katherine travel direct a great deal and often travelled to Europe, it was during one of her frequent visits that she met a fellow traveller , Ida Baker who was originally from South Africa. Katherine and Ida became close friends and re of imported so throughout their lives.In 1906 Katherine and her sisters returned to Wellington moreover lived in another family home, much larger than the previous homes there was also a holiday cottage where they fagged many years, which can be read about in At The Bay. Despite her family living in Wellington, Katherine found life there very planetary and yearned for excitework forcet in newer pastures. Her love of writing was strengthening her thirst for knowledge and she often expressed a wish to move to Europe so she may continue her dream.Financed by her father, Katherine moved back to England without a second glance, she was never to return to her home t deliver. (Jones) However, her love of writing suffered as Katherine allowed herself to become distratcted by men, she began several(prenominal) relationships only allowing herself to write a poem and a short story. Discovering v ery soon that she was pregnant, and from a gentleman in New Zealand, she met and married George Bowden, a telling teacher who was many years her senior. No sooner was the ink dry on her marriage certificate, when she left George Bowden.Katherines mother learnt of this news and travelled to London, took Katherine for some treatment and then returned to Wellington to attend her eldest daughters wedding. During Katherines treatment in Bavaria she unfortunately miscarried her pregnancy. She suffered some dark and disturbing generation during this period and wrote some satirical material, none of which she was completely satisfied with and refused to need republished. In 1911 Katherine revisited London and met another man, stern Middleton Murry. Murry was the editor of Rhythm and they married in 1918.Becoming the co-editor of Rhythm, Katherine also worked on The Blue Review before it folded and Murry was declared bankrupt. Various fields, none of them homes, Katherine it seemed, was to al steerings lived an unsettled existence. In 1915, during World War I, Katherine and John became estranged and Katherine moved to France, then again back to London. Her younger brother, Leslie was training to be an officer at this fourth dimension and they shared some nostalgic times together recalling their childhood times in New Zealand, these memories are all included in her tales of Wellington.Unfortunately, at this same time Leslie was k bronchiticed and the effect of this grief, her own ill health and her ever present desire to write prompted Katherine to return to France and it was here that she eventually settled and began to write. Sadly, this settled period was to be short lived and as she became manifold with Murry again, they both(prenominal) returned to England, living next door to DH Lawrence in Cornwall. Moving yet again to Mylor, they continued to group with friends who were artists and writers, some as famous as Bertrand Russell and Dora Carrington, to name a few.In 1916 Katherine was introduced to Virginia Woolf. Katherine had a work in progress, prelude, which was a reworking of The Aloe, and this was then published on Woolfs new Hoggarth Press, 1917. Encouraged by interest and her own desire, Katherines writing began to flow and it was after the publication of Bliss and Other Stories that her reputation as a writer became known. (Macmillan) Further ill health led Katherine to be diagnosed with tuberculosis and it was during this time she was advised to attend a sanatorium. The long, cold winters of England were to cause her too much suffering.She became so ill that she decided to move to Italy, she was accompanied by Ida Baker, her South African friend. Her recently widowed father and his cousin Connie visited whom Katherine managed to offend as she refused to convert to Roman Catholicism, so Katherine and Ida moved yet again, this time to Switzerland, firstly to Sierre, then to the Chalet des Sapins at Montana-sur-Sierre. presen t, Katherine wrote about her life and family and these were included in many of her last stories, The Garden Party and The Dolls House, all recalling her Victorian upbringing within her family unit.(Katherine Mansfield) By 1922 Katherines tuberculosis was considerably bad her and she left for Montana in Paris where she sought further treatment. Here she wrote The Fly and her last story, The Canary. She then entered the Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man at Avon near Fontainbleau where she sought enlightenment that would aid her recovery. Murry visited and it seemed she had found a closing peace, how true this was as it was very soon after his visist that she died of a brain haemorrhage.She was buried at a nearby cemetery. (Asiado) Works Cited Asiado, Tel. Katherine Mansfield Biography. 18 September 2008. entourage 101. 15 November 2008 . Jones, Kathleen. The Story The Introduction. KatherineMansfield. net. 12 November 2008 . Katherine Mansfield. Spartacus. 17 Nove mber 2008 . Macmillan, Eric. Mansfield, Katherine. 2003.The Greatest Literature of all time. 17 November 2008 . The Katherine Mansfield Birthplace Society Inc. Katherine Mansfield 1888-1923. 2005. Katherine Mansfield . 12 November 2008 . Research Paper What is the storys central conflict? Feminism appears strongly throughout the body of this story as does family relationships. The women are strong, capable characters who take care of the running of the family and its construction.Stanley Burnell, the main anthropoid character of the story appears to be as strong as the women but in actual fact he has insecurities and seeks approval and reassurance from his wife more than she relies on him. Family interaction and growing up centralise the characters and familiarise the reader with each individual. Who is the main character and what does he or she want? Linda Burnell is the main character, with perhaps Stanley Burnell featuring close behind. They are a family unit with friends and neighbours becoming included in this to assist with their move to the country.Linda Burnell wishes for a better way of life and considers this move to be the way forward. What is the plot? A family living in New Zealand and their move to the country. How the Burnell parents seek a more favourable way of life away from town with their friends and children. What is the scoop out point of view of the story and why? Seen from a childs point of view, it is interesting to learn how Lottie and Kezia understand what is handout on in a child like manner. Learning of their excitement and unconscious(predicate)ness is perhaps why this story develops into something interesting rather than just about a family moving house.In the background of the story it allows you to realise from an adult point of view the reasoning behind the house move, but to understand it from a childs eye is engaging and simple. Analyse a character, tone, appearance and motivation. Linda Burnell is a strong, straight to the point type of character she has an ambition to move to pastures new and organises well. Her husband, Stanley is also a main character but shows that although he is the main male character, he needs a female reassurance to allow him to grow. Explain the setting in detail.Moving from house to house, the setting is difficult to depict but the story is based in New Zealand around a family setting. Parents Linda and Stanley Burnell are moving to the country with their children. During the move, due to the organising and structure of the move, the children are encouraged to play with the neighbours and are tended to by them. What is the theme? The theme of this story is relationships. Not just between the Burnell family but also with the Samuel Josephs and people they have grown to know and include within their family who have lived nearby.The female characters are believed to be the backbone of the family but the oppression of the feministic opinion of that time is also have quite strongly. Men were considered to be the providers and the organisers when in actual fact it was the women who carried on regardless of having no money of their own and being oppressed by men at that time. List 5 symbols in the story and say what they stand for. 1. Strength of character in Linda Burnell. Even though things are not going according to plan, Linda Burnell manages to keep a hold on her frustration.(Page 2) 2. The familiarity of home and the uncertainty of the unknown. Kezia remembers the old house and realises that this will no longer be her safehold. Taking in the noises and smells of her old home makes her feel safe and she becomes xenophobic of what is in store. (Page 7) 3. Accepting change. Upon reaching their new home the children see for the first time what their new life will be and although they take in their surroundings, it is not until they see their grandmother waiting in the porch that they feel comforted that there is nothing to be afraid of.(Page 11) 4. The subservience of Stanleys mother. Stanleys mother is considerably agreeable towards her son and whenever he wants something, she obliges. There is no confrontation from the woman nor is her voice to point out that Stanley could perhaps do things for himself more. (Page 14) 5. The importance of being male. Stanley Burnell is an egotistical man and although unsure of himself as a person, he likes to be stroked egotistically. He seeks reassurance and approval from his wife. (Page 22).Analysis Prelude by Katherine Mansfield This story was enjoyable to read and easy to understand. The characters were depicted well and it allowed me to enter the story and be drawn by the structure and its meaning. Family relationships and the interaction of one on one relationships are prevalent in our everyday lives and it was interesting to read how the characters drew on their ad hominem behaviour. Regardless of our own personal strengths and downfalls, a familys love is unconditional and acceptin g of the good and bad in everyone.The influences and knowledge that people learn within the family core are all entire of how we are shaped as a person. Within the story it is noted that Stanley Burnell is depicted as a strong, influential character yet he is drug-addicted on a womans presence and assistance in many of his daily situations. His mother has abided by his demands on many occasions, leaving him with the softness to function without doing things for himself. It has become second nature for Stanley to expect the women in his life to carry out his requests, something which his wife, Linda has also conformed to.However, due to Lindas own shortcomings, she has learnt to stand up to her husband in a non-aggressive manner, which makes Stanley believe he is not actually being ignored or disregarded. Lindas own fears and desires are prevalent within the story and it is through these feelings that the reader is able to understand her ambitions and struggles within keeping the family together. Linda enlists the help of people she trusts and it is from that relationship that other relationships build themselves.Katherine Mansfields representation of this from within her own experience and explains aplenty as to how she perhaps became who she was. Strong, yet dependent weak yet in many ways the driving force of what she truly wants. manage her mother, there were ambitions and goals, only to be frustrated by the choice of a relationship with a man. Linda Burnell wished for more independence and had a slight resentment of the leanings Stanley had upon her but it is from this resentment that a change in her lifestyle began.It is nice that within the story the relationship of inter-racial acknowledgement is recognised and interesting that from a childs viewpoint, this is all just an everyday occurrence. Feminism was, and sometimes still is a bone of contention in any given situation, but the strength of both these women, black and white seem predominant within the story. As with Linda Burnell, Mrs Samuel Joseph portrays a strong, integral member of her family and it is the word family that becomes the basis of the tale.Reading about the childrens fears and misgivings enlightens the reader to their personal feelings about all that is about to change for them. They realise what is about to happen and instead of welcoming this change, as perhaps Linda Burnell is, they fear as they are unaware of what is around the corner. It is not until they are surrounded by their family and familiar possessions that they begin to embrace their future. In terms of knowing what this will bring upon them in the future, is something of an anticpatory and excite period in their lives and an adventure that this family are all working together towards.

Cultural Event Report

Cultural Event Report Attending a Performance Jessica Brown professor Lafferty Hum 111 World Cultures I September 5, 2012 Event Name Beauty & the Beast Musical Event Date & Time August 10, 2012 Event hole James F. Dean Theatre, Summerville, SC For this cultural event report I decided to attend a musical performance. This was a play of the classic exposure Beauty and the Beast. This is the first time I have ever attended a live musical and I had an overall good experience.The one subject that I dont really like is a lot of singing scarce the acting was extraordinary. The cast was dressed in beautiful bright colored costumes. The important characters of course were Belle, the Beast, Gaston, and Belles father, Maurice. The main matter I did throughout the play was compare it to the actual movie and there were differences but the main plot was the same. I attended the performance with my sister, my kids, and my niece. The kids really enjoyed it, especially the talking teapotsMy f irst impression when entering the theatre was that it was rather bittie which I expected. The tickets were further $6. 00 for students and children under 3 were free. All the seats were full also. I didnt really expect people to dress up in nice clothes, and everyone mediocre had on mostly jeans and shirt, nothing fancy. The lighting was good on the stage and I could hear the cast loud and clearly through the speakers. One thing that I didnt like was the microphones that the cast used.They were rather large and it would have been nicer for them to have a microphone that was a little less revealed. There were active 15-20 cast members in all. Some people seemed to look a bit more comfortable on stage than others. The effect on the stage, while they were singing, was great. My favorite part was in the beginning when the Prince was turned into the beast because he was turning down the woman who turned out to be a beautiful enchantress. It was a good lesson of karma and how true be auty is within and its not always about whats on the outside.The crowd was very respectful to the performers by world quiet during the show. There was a small intermission of about 20 minutes. The play lasted a total of 2 hours. During the intermission there was a small concession stand that had candy, drinks, and popcorn. The show proceeded shortly after. During the part of the performance when Gaston and the Beast are fighting Gaston does stab him. It was kind of sad when Belle approximation the beast was dead, but then he transformed back into the Prince.It was a happy ending and the final song was amazing. The singers had very beautiful voices. After going to this performance it makes when trust to go see another one to compare and contrast each aspect. I would like to go see a drama written by Shakespeare. It would be a great experience to see actors portray people from a different era. While watching this musical I also thought of movies that involve the same issues, such a s the Princess and the Frog and the Hunchback of Notre Dame.When the show had ended the performers were each introduced as they came back onto the stage. Also, we were able to meet and greet with them sooner we left. The briefly discussed their history with acting and singing and how long it took them to prepare for the show. Everything about the performance was good and they knew how to keep the audiences attention which is important. I am glad that I was able to attend the show. References Beauty and the Beast, the Musical. James F. Dean Theatre, Summerville, SC. August 10, 2012. Live Performance

Mental Health and the Prison System

Who are the dupes of mental health and how they are treated within the legal and prison arranging? intellectual health or mental illness, chemical chemical group on the question, is concern with illnesses of the mind, or with treating illnesses of the mind. (Longman, p.890) These illnesses, which affect the mind, create hallucinations that can lead the people who suffer from them to cause harm to the innocent people who fall victim to them. According to the Longman dictionary, the word victim refers to someone who has been attacked, robbed or murdered. (Longman, p.1593) It can also refer to someone who suffers because they are affected by an illness.In January 1999, a fresh woman was pushed from behind, in front of a New York City subway train, to her death. Her murderer was a mentally ill patient who had refused to consume his medication. This young womans name was Kendra Webdale and the Kendras rectitude was named after her. She was considered a victim of mental health. There are many other cases who were fall victim to these illnesses.Due to their mental illnesses, many people questioned whether these criminals should be charged and face the consequences or should they be treated in the hospital for the mentally ill on a lower floor strict control and supervision. They are universe view as the victims of the mental health for the reason that they are not in their right minds to judge. This occurs because they are piteous from the illness affecting their mind.Looking from the patients point of view, they are undergoing a lot of stress callable to their conditions as they have fears that they are not accepted by the family, friends and society. With the stress they are undergoing, they might not be able to face the fact and would not want to take their medication. This had led to intervention of the legal system to control the situation.According to Kendras Law, a procedure has to be followed for obtaining court orders for certain individuals with me ntal illness to receive and accept assisted outpatient treatment (AOT). ( assurance of Mental Health, 2006) The mentally ill individual who can qualify for AOT must be at least 18 years old and shows a sign of being incapable of surviving on his own. In view of the concern that the patient may do serious harm to others in the society, an AOT is more likely to wellbeing him. The request for AOT can be done by the parent, spouse, sibling, director of a hospital, licensed psychologist or a probation officer.However, there are some lawyers who contest that the law will only serve to violate the patients process protection. In addition, many wonder if the implementation of this law is strong enough to describe a person to take medication. There is always the possibility of the patient having tried to seek treatment but failed. As such, the government should not just laws to force the taking of medication but for the state to provide medication as well.In the case of the prison system, there has been a significant ontogeny in the number of inmates who are found to be severely mentally ill. Despite the increase in the number of inmates, the medical treatment necessary for this group of inmate did not increase. Moreover, the staff handling them are not properly trained and thus, many of these inmates are being victimized in the prison cells due to their disorganized speech and behaviour. Their inability to communicate well with others may in turn antagonize their officers or fellow inmates.In conclusion, the victims of mental health do not necessarily refer to only the ones suffering from the illness but those who are indirectly affected as well. The patients should be given proper and get around treatment and the society should also be educated on how these patients need to be treated in order to survive in the society. Bibliography1. Harold E. Shabo. 2001. Social be Criminal Justice and Mental Health System Gaps which Contribute to the Criminalization of Menta lly Disordered Persons. California.2. Longman. 1999. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English International Students Edition. Pearson Education Limited. Spain.3. Office of Mental Health. 2006. An Explanation of Kendras Law.4. About Mental Health. 2006. Forced Mental Treatment has a Place. http//www.mentalhealth.about.com/cs/schizophrenia/a/commit204.htm5. Mental Health Services. 2006. office of Mental Health Services. http//www.drc.state.oh.us/web/mentalhealth.htm

Iranian Revolution and Persepolis Booklet Conventions Essay

High and Low cultures atomic number 18 terms given to value the quality of the schoolbook. Low culture text is usually the text written for entertainment and pleasure and does not encourage complex reflection and thoughts . Comics argon con spatial relationred as a Low culture and comics and brilliant novel are similar to each early(a) but graphic novel are not considered to be Low culture. High culture text is written to encourage complex reflection and thought. High culture are usually full of literary features while low culture has low literary features. Text with high culture in addition called privileged text and text with low culture is called marginalized .2- Everyone has his own way of thinking, if three concourse read a book they will think differently and will have different opinions about it thats why we respond to the text is shaped by our political orientation because everyone understand it from a different perspective. The same thing happens when different people read a graphic novel , they all have different opinions and ideas and they demonstrate it some people may change their opinions after they heard someones else opinion ,thats how it changes our beliefs, attitudes and values toward literature3- Symbols in a graphical novel are easy to understand cause just about of the are colours , body language , objects and c bunchhing etc.. .In Persepolis Satrapi has made it different than any other graphic novels , she made no colours only black and white and this is a symbol of something that happened in the past .4- Satrapi choose to write Persepolis in spirt of a graphic novel to tell her story ,because she want us to understand what she understands .She is writing her story so she wants us to feel how it feels to grow up during a revolution and a war , and how it feels to move from your country to a different one having a new life she wants us to feel what she mat up and she actually succeeded at itStyle and Literary TraditionsPersepoli s is more bildungsroman than a memoir, because Satrapi didnt only want to tell the story of her childhood but she wanted to file the way she lived in Iran at the time of the Islamic revolution, also she wanted to express how she grew morally, socially and spiritually making herself an example of how a preadolescent girls grew up at this time and bildungsroman is when protagonist must progress from childhood to adulthood, leave home to undergo a journey, and develop a more mature catch of his or her self.Satrapi also shows how is feels for a young girl to grow up during a Revolution and live in Iran while it was at war with Iraq, those young girls saw communists getting shot and killed by the shah army and hearing stories about political prisoners being tortured during the revolution and saw planes blowing up buildings and other events excessively. Although it was alarming but Satrapi use a satirical tone sometimes when talking to the revolution guardiansLiterary FeaturesSatra pi has been able to manipulate the literary features well though it is a graphic novel which sometimes authors find it hard to use the literary features. Satrapi has used alot of symbols and one of the most important symbol was the efface which shows the rebellious side of Satrapi and that she was against wearing it but the Islamic government said it is obligatory for women and girls to wear veil. She has also been hyperbole about itSatrapi has used some(prenominal) allusions most of them are people some are rebellious figures like Che Guevara, Fidel Castro , they symbolize how a young generation is forced to become revolutionary even though they know atomic about the turmoil they fight , most of the allusion are about being rebellion and the war.Unlike other writers, Marjane Satrapi has it a little easier because she is able to literally show us what she wants us to see , and the Major thing about persepolis is that it has no colours its all black and white to give the story a more ancient feel, she wants us to see that all of this has already occurred. Moreover, the simplicity of her images allows her to demonstrate that this time in her life was not a great one, and that most of it is blurry. Perhaps the lack of color also signifies how somber that time was.Furthermore, she usually draws herself in the background, this shows how inferior she unworthy of being at the same level of men. As she gets older in the novel, she starts to show herself more, it is almost as if she is starting to believe that she is finally getting to the level of men. She begins to talk more to people, and not only speaks her thoughts to herself.Themesevery young woman growing up is going to face struggles especially during her adolescence. However, to grow up in the midst of the Iranian revolution is undoubtedly a life changing experience. In a society where one certain religion is forced upon you, and where you go, what you wear, who you see, and all that you do is restricted , it is clearly difficult to accept. Especially to a determined and independent young lady such as Marjane Satrapi. In Persepolis one of the most important themes of the novel is government and society and its role in determining the sequence of events that Satrapis life takes on such as in the first chapter veils are forced on the women of Iran.In Persepolis Satrapi has used many themes and as mentioned one of the most important themes is government and society. The Iranian society after the revolution was forced to do what their government tells them like wearing the veil and this is also connected to the theocracy and dictatorship theme that the Islamic government turned into a dictatorship , dictatorship was not only with the government but also in Satrapis house she calls her mother a the dictator guardian of the revolution of the houseThe government played a big role in 1980s Iran by implementing new laws and restricting old freedoms, whoever does obey is either sent to jail and tortured or being executed and a lot of people where being executed for doing things forbidden by Islam ,the government used Islam as a cover to do whatever they want without people call into question them. Even though the Islamic government prevented partying and drinking, people went to illegal parties and drank wine this is considered as an act of rebellion which is also a theme.Rebellion is also a major theme in Persepolis, rebellion is not only against a government it can also be rebellion to what people say. Satrapi uses cigarettes as a symbol of rebellion, she want to show that she can do whatever men can do because at this time in Iran there were feminism. Moreover , Satrapi uses more rebellion figures to support her rebellion theme like Che Guevara, Fidel Castro and Trotsky they are a symbol for freedomIran was in an outer war with Iraq and internal war against Iranians. Those are the best words that could describe what is happening inside Iran in that time, the army was fight the Iraqs and was also killing communists and people that have a blasphemous thoughts. Although, the kids of the lower socio-economic grad are sent to war to fight for their country, but before they are sent, they are given this golden key which sybolizes the riches and wealthiness they will have if they go into war for their country. Not having much, these kids end up joining the army being promised these dreams that never happen. While on the other peck the higher classes are partying and enjoying themselves, not doing anything to protect their country, but only themselves.Isnt that sad. Also in the case of Marjane her maid doesnt sit with her and her parents had a cadillac wake that they were wealthy, but Marjane didn like the idea of that. If you are a tendinous person that has a lot of capital, or if you were a king, you were part of the high class people. If you are poor or a peasant, you are considered to be in the lower class. What also exists is a middle c lass who refers to those who can make enough money to dress properly and own certain things that peasants cant. Being a part of the middle class doesnt make you a high class person because you dont have power and dont have a fortune, but its enough for good living martyrdom was also a major theme in Persepolis since the war started and Satrapi describes it To die a martyr is to inject blood into the veins of society. Marjane reflects that the regime depends on the war to withstand its political control of the country. A million people lose their lives in the war. The regime becomes more repressive and seeks to stop the enemy within by prehend and executing those that defy its rule. Heroism is also a theme which is connected to Persepolis where Satrapi symbolizes the political prisoners that were tortured and executed as heroes and when she found out that her uncle Anoosh was tortured too ,she thought of him as a heroAt this time in Iran the social classes was also a major theme in the novel more often than not all social classes were unequal and this wasnt fair to Marjane at some points. She comes to learn that if you are not in the same social class as someone else, you are not able to marry them. Also, higher social classes were treated better and were paid more attention to, other than the lower class people. There was a specific part of the book where some kids asked Marjane if she had any star wars toys, and she didnt. All little Marjane had were some boring books to offer them.Persepolis is very powerful and informative. It showed the history of Irans civil war and revolution and the fall of the Shah. When someone would say the word Iran people would think of oil, criminals, and communist. they never knew that they would be able to preserve Iran to family, love, peace, hope, Michael Jackson. It has definitely given a new meaning behind the word Iran. It has also given a new outlook of the people of Iran.

How does adolescence mark a change in thinking and experience? Essay

Inherent in the study of homosexual behavior is the basic comprehension towards the life cycle. This life cycle valuates the st senesces which every human cosmos shall pass beginning at birth and ending in death. With these views, theories are made with the three major assumptions in mind First the essential acquaint to the varieties of life cycle theories proposes that there is a sequential order of development that is successive and clearly defined. Second is the assumption that each individual stage or period comprises of events or crises that need to be resolved for the development to progress in a smooth manner.This is termed as the epigenetic principle. Whenever an individual fails to attain a colony to a particular crisis or event, the subsequent periods will manifest that failure in such modes as the individuals cognitive, natural, social and emotional nonadaptive behavior. Thirdly, while these stages occur in sequence and contain events or crises that the individual needs to resolve, each stage however, reflects a crisis point that makes each phase perspicuous from either of its preceding and succeeding stages. Nature and significance of the studyErikson is a key figure in the study of developmental psychology. He is instrumental with the incumbent understanding of the different stages of a human life span. This research work is a product of the attempt to expand on the understanding of Eriksons major work with the integration of several others who are instrumental to a more(prenominal) updated and comprehensive appreciation of the changes and growth that proceed to the development of an adult personality specifically focusing on his emotional and social maturity. DiscussionPerspectives in psychology and philosophy in general, are developed to help explain and shed vague on various human behaviors that not only boggle and are difficult to understand. There are controversies that ensue and these also make interventions difficult at the same time. Development does not end once a person reaches maturity, but continues throughout life. Developmental psychologists seek to describe ad analyze the regularities of human development across the entire life span. It focuses primarily on these aspects of development that make us similar to one another.In order to thoroughly appreciate the changes that are happening to a young person specifically pertaining to the social and emotional aspects, the following discussion of the theoretical perspectives are undertaken. Eriksons psychosocial stages Adolescence & Early maturity Erikson identified the period of adolescence with a corresponding challenge to achieve a sense of identity. Adolescents need to leave behind the carefree, irresponsible, and impulsive behaviors of childhood and to develop the more purposeful, responsible, planned behaviors of adults.If the individual is successful in making this change, he will develop a sense of confidence and a positive identity. If he is unsu ccessful, he will experience role confusion, which will result in low self-esteem and become socially withdrawn. This concept assumes that in general, children will progress towards adolescence with the all in-chief(postnominal)(predicate) development of establishing his identity and those problems that normally are encountered around this stage basically are related around the individuals search for identity. Identity somatogenetic composition is essentially known to be identified with the period of adolescence.However, even Erikson admitted that adolescence sometimes is prolonged or takes longer age of the extended identity exploration, Arnett noted. Social and physical development affecting the expansion and constriction of their world from infancy through older adulthood Social and physical development during the stage of infancy constricts the babes life because of the childs inability to walk yet as well as their inability to associate well because of immature judgement development which lasts until the person reaches the age at approximately 20 years old.Understandably social and physical developments start to increase during childhood, adolescence and middle adulthood in contrast to the infant. However, starting when the child reaches childhood, his/her world starts to increasingly expand as his motor skills develop and physical capability enhances. This goes on in largely step up and greater results when the child enters the adolescent period until the person reaches the senior years and pace is affected considerably. The persons social world constricts primarily because the physical limitations understandably inhibit the person and consequently isolates the person.Older adulthood similarly possesses the same characteristics of that of an infant and toddler because the genes dictate when these traits start to emerge. The concept of Growth goals In the study by Bauer and McAdams, these activities and behavior reflect the growth goals, both intr insic and exploratory, that are necessary for them to develop eventually. This is called peer pressure and although galore(postnominal) children pretend to bear their cool, almost all of those who are at this developmental level have their share of frustrations from the beguile of other individuals that besiege them.Peer pressure is inevitably fix up with the differences of culture and beliefs and when a particular child or young person emerges with the understanding that these experiences are necessary for them to ultimately be enabled to face many more troubles to come. It cannot be underestimated. Because of the major biological changes that their bodies go through, they tend to be flooded with overwhelming emotions that at most times make them confused. These biological changes implicate the normal maturation or unfolding of genetic characteristics marking the start of puberty.Because of the hormonal changes accompanying puberty, the childs moods and behavior are often aff ected. The issues that surround emerging young adult include the individuals adaptation to his bodys biological changes, struggle for autonomy, and peer influence. These are some of the important concerns that an adolescent individual faces. Biological changes entail awareness of the innovation that is occurring in the persons body. Since an adolescent is passing through a physiological transition, and because the transformation involves the appearance, this is a major concern for any adolescent.In the teens struggle for autonomy, there is a mounting tension between parents and children of adolescent age because the latter prefers to think that he/she is capable of a lot of things and are allowed a greater amount of liberties. However, this becomes a source of frustration and conflict by both parents and children due to the latters inconsistencies. Furthermore, the shift from parental influence to peer influence is one of the major changes both the parents and teenagers have diffic ulty facing. Implications fit to Piaget, individuals at this stage have developed the ability to form hypothetical-deductive reasoning. Children think that they already have knowledge and some experience, and believe capable to think logically able to judge certain matters well. Though this may be true, recent findings in brain research show that adolescent emotions overcome rationality or despite some existing facts that should also be weighed, their feelings override reasoning. Teenagers make rash decisions which may or may not harm him/herself.According to an rendering on Piagets formal operations stage, an individual may consider many possibilities in life, may be able to successfully handle crisis at most times, as well as analyze existing assumptions. In addition, a research done by Flavell, mentions the accumulation of experiences which may accordingly influence the decision making processes. For adolescents, decision-making capacity is more critical due to these important considerations. This is accentuated based on recent brain researches.Adolescents make rash decisions due to the enlistment of emotions in their reasoning process. Neurobiological experts suggest that the adolescents immature brain development may actually let emotions obstruct or override reason. This explains a lot why teens become very emotional inspite of the facts presented before them. If parents only become conscientious during the early formation or fundamental stages (birth to seven years old), they should continue to be there with their teens in the puberty years and help with the transition.BibliographyArnett, Jeffrey Jensen, 1998.Learning to Stand Alone The Contemporary American Transition to matureness in ethnical and Historical Context Human Development 1998 41295315 University of Maryland, College third estate, Md. , USA Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen, Emerging Adulthood A Theory of Development From the Late Teens Through the Twenties. University of Maryland College Park Arn ett, Jeffrey Jensen, Kathleen D. Ramos, and Lene Arnett Jensen Ideological Views in Emerging Adulthood Balancing Autonomy and Community Journal of Adult Development, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2001 Bauer, Jack J. , & Dan P. McAdams.2004. Growth Goals, Maturity, and Well-Being. Developmental Psychology American Psychological Association, Inc. , Vol. 40, No. 1, 114127 0012-1649/04/$12. 00 DOI 10. 1037/0012-1649. 40. 1. 114 Berk, Laura. 2007. Development through the lifespan. ( quaternate ed. ) New York Allyn and Bacon. Eisenberg, Nancy, Ivanna K. Guthrie, Amanda Cumberland, Bridget C. Murphy, Stephanie A. Shepard, Qing Zhou, and Gustavo Carlo. 2001. PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Prosocial Development in Early Adulthood A Longitudinal Study. Kaplan, Harold and genus Benzoin Saddock.1991. Synopsis of Psychiatry Bhavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychiatry. 6th ed. Williams & Wilkins. Luyckx, Koen, Luc Goossens, and Bart Soenens. 2006. A Developmental Contextual Perspective on Identity Construction in Emerging Adulthood Change Dynamics in Commitment Formation and Commitment Evaluation, Developmental Psychology 2006 by the American Psychological Association. Vol. 42, No. 2, 366380 0012-1649/06/$12. 00 DOI 10. 1037/0012-1649. 42. 2. 366 Morris, Charles G. & Albert Maisto, 1999. Understanding Psychology. 4th ed. Prentice Hall,

A Night To Forget

The wind blow violently through and through with(predicate) the church-yard, wiping the bull strike of Abis face, as she looked mess at her mothers grave. At the corner of a church a man with evil hair and piercing green kernels stargond across at her. Its no good girls we are issue a course to have to call it a night. Its been absolutely fantastic, hard to believe its my last night as a unity woman, neertheless I give be in no fit state to play married tomorrow if we dont go now, wailed Jeannie. The mob of giggling girls tumbled protrude of the night-club, none of them nonicing the tall dark man who floated out after them.Wanna lift home Rachel, were all taking a cab, screamed one of the girls, clutching on to Jeannie with one get through round her neck holding her upright. No, Im fine you lot, Ive drank a bit much, perhaps walking home will clear my result. Any right smart its not far. Ok Rachel, we all contend you can look after yourself, express Jeannie with a w ink, and a fit of laughter met her words. With a last fleeting look at the remnants of the chaotic hen night, Rachel runged to walk the few streets home.Rachel turned the corner, humming softly to herself reminiscing almost the night and her friends, I cant believe in that locations only one of us left whos still single, she spoke the words with sylphlike regret, At least Jeannie ground the man she had always wanted. Pete wouldnt be too happy about the man that was paying me rather too much attention, in the night-club. I wish he was going to be home tonight, we could talk more about, perhaps, getting married ourselves. She hugged herself at the thought, perhaps it would be her turn to get married nextAt that moment dickens men in the park caught her eye both walking quickly but far apart from one another. One had a grand German shepherd which wagged its tail at the sight of her, but as the man bent down to reprimand it, and she smiled to herself, There are loads of people out tonight must have been something well-favored get wordted going on. She debated if she should cut through the park, Should I, shant I, well itll be quicker. She crossed the street and entered the park, the swings were squeaking, and the wind whistled through the trees, picking up speed and making her hair cover her face.Someone coughed behind her, she jumped in the air, peering or so she snorkeled a sigh of relief, it was only the butcher Frank. She greeted him and carried on home, the wind continued whistling somewhat her. There was a huge rustling in the evergreen bushes near her feet, she held her breath and looked pointedly up at the increasingly darkening sky, until she felt something brush her hand. She looked down suddenly at the wet floor, the gloomy tarmac path covered with a festering film of moss and the sight that met her look was very move as it was the great shaggy head of the German Shepherd she had seen earlier.Rain started pouring down in droplets the s ize of 50 pence pieces and began running of gutters and roofs, the rain plastering her hair to her sweaty face as though buckets of wet were being repeatedly dropped on her head. The moon which had given her fainthearted, now became covered by the heavy sour storm clouds, and it was the occasional lightening strike which seemed to land increasingly closer each time which gave a second of illumination earlier plunging the street around her into darkness yet again. The sound of a paint a picture alarm rang in the distance but she focused her mind it wasnt something for her to deal with tonight.She started to walk quicker, and glanced behind her but the man seemed to be the same distance away, she broke into a frantic kind of run, her face contorting as she tried to keep her mind, she was so close to the end of the park. As she rounded the next bend, only two streets away from her house, she felt the hairs on the back of her neck stand up. She peered over her shoulder and was mor e than a little bit surprised to see the man who had been walking across the park behind her. His hair was dark, and he was exceedingly tall, was he the man who had flirted with her at the night-club?His face was covered in shadow and his eyes were looking at the floor and his reach were in his pockets. She sighed, of course, she did live in a busy compass it wasnt that odd for someone to be walking this way. She carried on walking checking behind her every now and past and becoming increasingly worried that after several minutes he still was following her, this couldnt peradventure be normal, could it? She started humming again but the tune was slightly distorted as her breathing became shoal and she had to gasp for air as her throat was constricting.She plunged her hand into her bag, it crawling around searching, searching for her keys. Pete always complained that she could never find her keys, suddenly her hand grasped around then. The lights in the house were out, her flat mate wasnt in either, she sprinted up the drive to the house, one last lightening strike making her panic stricken face light up, shit, shit she cried thrusting the bent key into the lock. She gave one vital turn on the key and hear the lock snap open, she threw the entry open and slammed it shut behind her and leant back on the door her breath coming out in great rasping breaths.She gave a huge sigh of relief and change posture down onto the rough, wooden floor. He was probably innocent and wasnt doing anything wrong but, phew that was just too scary. Rachel, slowly got to her feet and climbed the winding staircase made of old pine with the creaky first step. As here feet found there way to tiled landing floor she pushed open the door and slowly made her way through the catastrophic mess of books and clothes that was her bedroom all scattered over a old maid flower blue carpet.She then slowly tiptoed through the junk to the bathroom and leant over the bath to turn on the exceedi ngly rusty, hot tap. A sound met here ears which could not have had anything to do with her, the step at the bottom of the stair had given an almighty creak, her head shot up and she turned to face the door on to the landing. That couldnt have been anybody. No I must have imagined it. Rachel then slipped out of her pale lilac, clothes which had rested a couple of inches above her knobbly knees, and pulled on her woollen dressing gown.The water fill into the bath as she made her way out of the room and slowly descended the old staircase and stumbled into the kitchen, I must have drunk far too much she moaned softly slightly slurring each word. She reached for timpani to fill it with water only to notice the tap was dripping. That couldnt have been her, so she leant forward to turn it on properly. The door creaked behind her and she spun round, no one was there but the door was swinging slowly. Open, shut, open, shut.She crept to the door, but before she had got two paces across th e room she uttered a small, quickly stifled shout. She felt something-soft winding itself amidst her legs. It was Emily, her cat. Rachel got back up from stroking her scary little friend to turn the dripping tap off. No longer was it dripping. She shook her head violently, blond hair cascading over her face, no one is in here, its fine. She cautiously, walked through the door into the hall and felt the soft sheepskin rug rub between her toes, her heart whipping hard against her ribcage, and her palms oozing sweat.She turned the corner to climb the stairs, and silently ascended the stairs yet again, and she walked into the bathroom. The water was no longer running, this was no longer a joke someone had to be in the house? Raquel are you here? Please tell me your joking around? Its not funny you know, please come out, she cried into the quiet her breath coming out in short gasps, her eyes flitting from the landing and the stairs to her bedroom, the two close together(predicate) p laces to her. She fled down the stairs to the kitchen her feet echoing loudly, on the wooden steps. No.No, whos in here, her shouts went unanswered in the big house. She leant back wards against the kitchen ledge and put her hands behind her each on a part of the kitchen worktop. She squeezed her hands against the rough marbled side, and felt some thing rustle under one of her palms. She picked it up, a single scrap of paper and turned round to read it on the kitchen side. Looking forward to seeing you again sweetheart. Her hands began to tremble, and the hairs on the back of her neck stuck up. Bang The door swung open on its hinges. I told you we would incur again.He said smirking at her, his eyes looking her up and down, his gaze then linger on her face. Y-y-you, shouldnt b-be in here. She stammered. What do u think I shouldnt be in here, darling. Im in love with you. We are destined to be together. Youve no right to be in here, howd you get in Rachel said her enunciate sligh tly fonder now, as she regained her senses after the shock of seeing him there. Why, do all, of the girls say that, I hated it when the other girls said that he said, his greasy voice becoming less cosseting and more fierce.W-w-what do you mean by others, the stammers returned, her fears now staring her in the face as she realised what he could do. Oh, I just meant the other women I liked, not that they are still around anymore. They decided they didnt like me. His voice suggesting that this was nothing out of the ordinary. There was, Miranda, Polly, Florenec and, oh, Abi. He said counting them off on his fingers. W-what do you mean there not around anymore? she asked tentatively. What do you think I mean darling? he replied.Trying to placate him she responded, oh, I expect you mean that they just travel away. He laughed, course they did darling, moved to heaven or hell. Rachel realised that the man in her house was seriously deranged and that she was in earthborn danger. S he knew she needed to get away from him, as quickly as possible, but with legs that felt like gelatin she wasnt sure how she would achieve this. A strange clicking noise could just be heard coming from the concern of the hall they both turned to it, he asked sharply, whats that? She replied, Oh I often here that noise I dont know what it is, dont worry about it, knowing that it was the door bell with its nearly flat battery.Rachel knew that all she needed to do now was get to the doorbell with out alerting his suspicions. Suddenly with no warning he lunged forward, swathe his muscular arm around her defenceless neck. He hissed in her ear, Do you think Im stupid there is someone at the door isnt there? Rachel slumped forward, her weight catching him unprepared, he staggered under her weight.Suddenly a sharp pain shot through his lower body, he stepped backwards shaking his head, moaning whats going on, not quite comprehending what was happening and completely unprepared for the n ext sharp blow that struck him over the head knocking him to the floor. There was a huge commotion at the front door, clearly somebody was severe to open it without the benefit of a key. The door suddenly gave way and several huge men powered through the door looking around, in there midst was a familiar hairy face. As the men dealt with the now unconscious would be attacker, Rachel buried her head in Rex the German shepherds shaggy coat.She took a deep breath and turned to her colleagues to ask, what the hell kept you. Her inspector patted her on the back saying, well do Sergeant you played your role well, the way you stumbled home those orange juices must have been very strong but at least this murdering bastered will soon be under lock and key. By the way sergeant exactly w2hat did you do to him before we got here? she replied smiling, thats what comes from having a boyfriend whos a Karate 6th Dan. The unconscious process went smoothly enough, mind you I though Rex was gon na blow our cover when he came to see me through the bushes in the park

Building a New Supply Chain

The underpin underseal of the case is that a guild performs slobber pickup from structure posts. Often the social organisation internet site wants them to leave a lay in thither or more or lesstimes they simply pile up the dribble and the fraternitys employees load the veridical into the refuse motortruck. Typically a truck full of garbage at the depot stir ups $200 per truck to empty. The comp some(prenominal) charges $350 per load, so there is little dough especially when taking overhead into account (labor and the monetary value of the truck).The owner wonders how other companies seem to be making so much money. One day he owner finds a lot of old refrigerators and metal fencing at one of the pickup locations. He has heard that there are some companies that pick this up for free and resell the material to companies feel for scrap metal. Being entrepreneurial and worried about his business, he investigates. He finds that he is able to puzzle out an additional $20 0 per shipment of scrap metal, making his new profit $550 per loadHe gets excite and starts to think about what other opportunities may be out there with similar reverse inventning chains. Some additional problems that this partnership have are elated to what its profit really is for each of its transactions, what challenges this beau monde would have to look at alternative materials and markets and what the current competition is for his companys type of business and lastly what approaches this company should take to ensure it was successful.Cause The main cause behind many of these questions the company is asking itself and problems that it is currently having with favourableness lay in the appearance that the company has not built itself a good business plan for any quality of the company. A business plan suffices outline what you need to start a business, scarcely it also helps you prepare for your future and any issues a retentive the way. Your business plan should cla rify why you exist, who your customers are, what products or serve you provide, how you plan to create and deliver your products or run, and where your business is going.It looks like the owner has started the company with merely a small idea of what is possible within their industry scope and has not thought by dint of all the steps that they should take on in order to be a marketable, profitable and long lasting company. Little thought has gone into who the customers are, what equipment is required, what process would be the most profitable and how to market themselves to the specify customer base. The whole business is establish on a reverse logistics model and inserting themselves into this device interpret chain as the provider of reverse logistics systems to their construction customers.It is astounding to see that the owner has not in full considered how to scoop up provide benefit to their clients and maximize their gainfulness through these services. To hear that the owner has heard that some companies pick up materials for free and resell them clearly levels that the company has not identified the biggest opportunity for profitability in this type of business. Stating that their new profit could also be $550 per load is also strange in that there appears to be very little understanding of accounting related to determining profitability and address of overheads.Based on the example provided, any revenues would have expenses of the cost of the truck (including initial purchase, fuel and any maintenance), the cost of the person driving the truck, the cost of the arson piling the garbage into the truck (if this service is required) and the cost pay at the depot for disposal. There skunk be further cost related to equipment or educational activity required for their people to be on a construction site including Personnel Protective Equipment and any certifications required to handle waste.Many of these elements would be considered if the company took the time to consider what the actual business plan for the company is and whether this would lead to a profitable organization. Analysis When looking at the market space that this company is attempting to gaming in, the following information shows that there indeed is a market for these services. Within the industry there is a name for the materials that are left over at a construction, renovation of demolition site. These items are called construction & demolition materials (C&D).The most common materials are concrete, wood, drywall, asphalt shingles, asphalt pavement, metal and cardboard. These materials typically make up 70 to 95 percent of the discarded material at a residential or mer hind endtile site. In the past these items were often discarded but are actually liable commodities that can be recycled into new products or use in many new ways. When perceived as waste, disposal of C&D materials is often viewed as simply part of the cost of doing business, and r ecycling and reusing these materials are sometimes miss as management options.Recycling can benefit a construction businesss bottom line, it benefits the environment and a construction companys recycle policy can be a contributing divisor to them cosmos awarded a project. concrete can be recycled into many markets that currently use crushed stone. Because concrete is commonly recycled, numerous concrete recycling facilities exist across the country. Asphalt pavement is heavily recycled currently and is commonly crushed and recycled back into asphalt, either in-place or at a hot-mix asphalt plant.Asphalt shingles can also be ground and recycled into hot-mix asphalt. Clean, untreated wood can be re-milled into lumber or chipped or ground and used to make engineered board, boiler fuel and mulch. Common metals found at a construction, demolition or renovation site include steel, aluminum, and copper. Construction sites frequently generate large comes of cardboard waste when new appl iances and materials are delivered to the site in cardboard boxes. Markets are well-established for metals and cardboard.Local metal scrap yards or recyclers that accept these materials are likely substantially accessible. Gypsum in drywall can be removed and recycled into many markets that commonly use gypsum, including new drywall fabrication, cement manufacture and agriculture. All of these items should be materials the owner should investigate as to whether the local construction sites are enervating these materials and whether there are local resources available to buy and recycle these materials from construction companies or the pickup company.Another fixings to revue is whether recyclers accept mixed loads of materials, or if it is more profitable to separate the materials, which can be through onsite by placing the materials in separate boxes or piles. When ontogeny a business plan, an important first step is to look for the local resources currently available. Contact local and provincial waste regulators and learn what is and is not tolerable to recycle. Many rabbinical or local officials have lists of local recyclers and their locations that they can share with you.These local recyclers should be contacted to determine what they take and what these conditions of payment are. They may also be able to share guidance for best recycling practices in your area. It is also possible to research local waste haulers through this method to relegate determine the level of competition there is for the types of garbage pickup services that they provide. One key factor within the market space for recycling materials is the importance of these recycling or bobblem to todays construction environment.There is increased pursuance in constructing green builds and this has generated more interest in recycling C materials. Providing noesis of how to recycle C materials can make a company a vital asset to a green structure project. The most common method of g reen building certification in North America is through the Green Building Council. The Councils Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LED) certification process requires that the building attain points for various green attributes, including energy savings, trials usage, indoor environmental quality and efficient water usage.Certification is give during the construction phase. Points are given for reusing materials, using materials with recycled content and recycling the waste that is produced at the construction site. diametric levels of certification can be attained depending on the number of points the building gains. Even if LED certification is not the goal of the building owner, committing to recycling a certain percentage of the materials generated at a out of work can be a great marketing tool and can give a construction company an edge over its competition.Since green building certification grants points based on recycled amounts, implementing a bring in syste m will aid companies in attaining LED points for recycling. Some contractors have their waste haulers report the amount of material that is currently disposed and recycled from their construction sites. That way, contractors can evaluate how they can increase the amount of material that is recycled from each site.Another example of how a company can differentiate themselves in this space is by providing services that eliminate the need for transporting and disposing of materials by recycling onsite. For example, waste concrete can be ground and used as fill, and clean wood, drywall, and cardboard can be ground and used onsite as a crack amendment. New, smaller, portable grinders can be relatively inexpensive and safe to use at Jobless. Some of these machines can be hitched to pickup trucks, while others are attachments for excavators.Some challenges when looking at all of these options are related to having the portion equipment for providing the potential difference services dem anded by the customer base. There can be significant overhead be attached to these equipment purchases. Availability and cost of labor will also be a key factor in decisions. If the appropriate research is not done up front, including discussions with the potential customer base, investments can be made in equipment and people that does not drive the revenue to cover the costs.Before Jumping into a specialised market area or activity, the owner must ensure that the demand is there. Solution The owner of this garbage pickup company needs to wake up and do his research with a goal to developing a complete business plan. Currently the owner is thinking of only kicking up garbage from construction sites and disposing them, which does indeed save the construction company these reverse logistics efforts, but clearly misses out on the big picture of what is possible in this service space.The customer base which is construction companies, are being driven very heavily toward recycling th eir materials for various reasons. They can reduce their hauling and disposal costs by keeping valuable C&D materials out of landfills. The substitution of recycled C&D materials in place of virgin materials in new products and processes results in substantial energy savings and greenhouse gas reduction. Recycling C&D materials equates to green building points.As green building becomes increasingly popular, proven k todayledge about the benefits of green building-?and green building practices-?is likely to boost construction business, since many customers are now looking for this service. Using recycled materials in new structures and recycling C&D materials produced during construction can help you achieve the LED certification that construction company customers want. All of this leads to a very strong potential market for the services that a garbage pickup company can provide.The company can continue sorting of the products on the site, the company could offer onsite recycling, the company can ensure that they track the materials so that their customers can obtain the maximum lead points and market themselves as a green construction company. The pickup company can also very finely determine what their charge should be to the construction company based on their knowledge of what the recycling company will pay for materials. This can waive them to maximize profit while remaining at an appropriate marketable cost to the construction companies.They could provide flexible, scalable services at the appropriate cost. The owner needs to talk to the customer base and find the niches that will allow them to compete. Work through the business plan, identify what they can afford to invest in, develop the relationships with customers and clients, market themselves fitly and then work the plan. There is little question that reverse logistics is a growing concern in the construction industry when it comes to C&D materials. The market is there for garbage pickup companie s who can show the greatest value.

Internet security Essay

Modern technologies make up inevitably changed the societal, economic, political, and professional person aspects of lives across the globe. Such technologies have brought with them reliability and efficiency of communication and execution of electronic fiscal proceeding, unvarnished in E-commerce. According to statistics, electronic pecuniary proceeding all everywhere the net profit have grown by over 70% during the past on decade compargond to its prominence during the 1990s (Ena 2008, p. 14).This has been attributed to the fact that small business line atomic turn 18 increasingly engaging in the competitive business advantage of online marketing for their products, a class period that was earlier dominated by big corporations. Nevertheless, electronic m geniustary traffics over the net profit are marked with numerous aegis threats. Security threats attributed to electronic pecuniary minutes are not plainly a potential infringement to our right to cover, but have been a source of economic passage for undivideds and institutions.Among these threats, profits fraud, identity theft, and network hacking are the most commonly identified threats to the reliability of internet-based fiscal legal proceeding (Glaessner, Kellermann, & Mcnevin, 2002). However, the government, security softwarfarefaree scientists, and financial institutions have hired in concerted efforts in promoting security of online financial legal proceeding.In this essay, the author will identify and discuss the different kinds of security threats relevant to financial transactions over the internet, their nature, severity, and the actions that have been taken or can be taken to address the threats and their effectiveness. Case studies of developed security incidents will be given to support the analysis. The problem of security threats on internet-based electronic financial transactions has been identified as a major(ip) drawback to sustainable embracement of the competit ive advantages brought by this unique proficient advancement in the community.Although the actual economic damages caused by internet abhorrence is hard to assert, a consensus between fair play enforcement and IT scientists has it that over $500 millions are lost in the USA alone collectible to internet connect crimes (Glaessner, Kellermann, & McNevin, 2009). There are numerous security threats to electronic financial transactions over the internet. identity element theft and fraud is a quite common form of security to internet-based funds transfer. Identity theft is the act of using the identity of an some other person to illegally gain financial advantages (Glaessner, Kellermann, & McNevin, 2009).To win this, perpetuators engage in misrepresentation of schooling to lure their target victims to conduct a financial transaction or provide personable information such as credit card number and password. numerous research findings have found that the process of acquiring another persons details is get through use of e-mail messages (mainly spam) or using fake websites to entice potential victims (Glaessner, Kellermann, & McNevin, 2009).Such information is used in executing activities such as conducting un classical emptying of the victims draw and opening and operating an account in the victims name and failing to settle its associated notices. This leads not only to termination of funds by the victim but also source of debt as financial institution assay account bill charge payments from the victim. According to statistical evidence from the Internet Crime Compliant Center, of the internet crime cases hideed in 2008, an estimated 13 percent involved fraud and identity theft (Maclean 2009).Further, the statistics have indicated that such a figure is quite low given that most incidences of internet crime activities go unreported. Still on fraud as a security threat to internet-based financial threats is the problem of non-delivery of goods and service s. A quick browse into most websites in the internet, one finds many sites promising lucrative employment or business opportunities. However, most of these engage in dictating for payment of services that are non-existent.FBI reports have it that over 27 percent of internet fraud activities involve payments for non-existent business and employment opportunities (Ena 2008, p. 18). Another form of electronic financial transactions over the internet is the confidentiality threat brought by spiteful computer programs. In the recent past, the information technology has witnessed an incr salve in the number and complexity of malicious computer programs. The most common types of malicious programs are virus and worms, which serve to corrupt executable computer programs (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 2007).Through this, the authorised suffer the costs of losing their confidential information saved in the machine or network. Moreover, distributed access denial prog rams are a major threat to the reliability of online financial transfer. This is because they compromise their ability of an authorised individual to access, transact, and/or monitor their electronic financial accounts. Nevertheless, fifth column horse, backdoors, and rootkits are the main threats to electronic financial transactions over the internet given their capability to gain access into personal accounts without detection by the user.Trojan horse and backdoors computing are the most destructive malicious programs to the security on internet financial accounts and networks. Trojan horse computing for example gives the capability of ensuring continued operation of the system (they sustain attempts to settlement the system) once it has been installed in the system (Glaessner, Kellermann, & McNevin, 2009). This gives the perpetuators of the crime adequate time to execute practices such as remotely accessing personal information as well as conducting unauthorised electronic fin ancial transfers from their accounts.On the other hand, backdoors computing serves the purpose of flexible the security of an attacked system to enhance easy unauthorised access in the future (Glaessner, Kellermann, & McNevin, 2002). To achieve this, this computing technique allows for the creation of bypass into the attacked networks to compromise its normal authentication requirements. This has been diabolical for potential long-term security attacks to electronic financial transactions accounts over the internet.Rootkits are found to cling to malicious computer programs from being detected or deleted by the user upon installation into the system, thus allowing for ease corrupting of personal accounts as well as the network connections (Maclean 2009). Thus malicious computer programs are a real threat to internet-based financial transactions. In addition, confidentiality fraud has gained much important as a security threat to electronic financial transactions over the internet. The right to privacy is a unplumbed individual right.This is more crucial in financial transaction as it protects sustainable realisation of social and economic development among community members. On the contrary, it is estimated that an estimated 14 percent of internet based crime activities engage in privacy frauds. Such problems are instigated by hacking practices (Khosrowpour 2000, p. 76). Hacking as a threat to individual privacy involves actions that allow the remote access of confidential personal or institutional information. Thus, hacking threatens individual privacy as well as security of online financial transactions.Following the appreciation of the competitive advantage brought by electronic financial transactions over the internet compared to other modes, much concerted efforts have been engaged by the key stakeholders in the field in promoting its security. First, the government as the custodian of the social and economic aspects of its citizens has enacted and im plement numerous legal philosophys governing electronic funds transfer. Such include the Electronic Funds Transfer human activity of 1978. This act defines numerous rights, responsibilities, and liabilities for participants involved in electronic funds transfer (Ena 2008, p. 9).According the law, the victims of erroneous electronic transactions should communicate with the financial institution not later than sixty day. On the other hand, the financial institutions are bound by the law to investigate and resolve such error within 45 days. In addition, customers should report loss of credit cards to their financial institutions to mitigate potential illegal transactions. To stimulate this, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act dictates that financial institution should provide its customers with reliable contact number for enhancing communication (Ena 2008, p. 19).Another important law in mitigating security threats on online financial transactions is the chauvinistic Act which provid es for increased government surveillance on the internet. The purpose of law is to mitigate terrorism activities over the internet such as communication and transfer of fund online for funding terrorism activities. This law gives the law enforcement agents the legal authority to tap internet communication between suspected crime offenders. Such has the intimation that these provisions can significantly aid in promoting the war on online transaction security threats.On the other hand, mercenary and constitutional laws are quite effective in prohibiting illegal electronic transaction. This is unambiguous from the fact that fraud and identity theft activities remain a criminal act according to the commercial laws of America (Ena 2008, p. 19). Moreover, the right to privacy is sufficiently protected by the provisions of the first amendments to the civil rights bill of the American constitutions. Still, the American government has established the Internet Crime Compliant Center which is responsible for documenting incidences of internet crime activities.This body is a partnership of the FBI and the National White Collar Crime Center. In addition, the establishment works closely with local and international law enforcement agencies in qualifying the dynamic patterns internet crime activities. The security software scientist community on the other side has engaged numerous resources in the calculative and production of highly reliable security safeguard software for protecting the authenticity of online financial transaction. It is applaudable noting that the process of innovation in the software development has been on the hike over the past one decade (Carey 2001, p. 45).This can be evident from the numerous software outsourcing and direct investment by major software corporations across the globe. Through this, these companies enjoy the competitive advantage of tapping and taming the best brains in the IT field for promoting operable solutions to internet c rime activities. Further, internet providers have employed qualified network administrators for preventing, identifying, and reporting incidences of internet related criminal activities. On the other side, financial institutions are marked with the responsibility of ensuring safety of financial transactions and storage for their customers.This is the reason behind effective monitoring practices that have been put in place by these institutions in safeguarding confidential institutional and customer information. It is a common practice for financial institutions to engage in constant changing of their network authentication codes. This serves to complicate the process of internet crime perpetuators gaining unauthorised access into their networks. Another precaution taken by these institutions is closely monitoring financial transaction and blocking as well as reporting suspicious activities to the relevant authorities for legal actions (Glaessner, Kellermann, & Mcnevin 2009).To ach ieve this goal, most financial institutions engaged in electronic financial transaction over the internet contract IT professional connection to manage their networks. This outsourcing practice brings with it the advantage of speciality, an element that ensures quality and reliable services in promoting online transactions security. Nevertheless, the war against electronic financial transactions over the internet security threats remains a major continue to the reliability of this modern funds transfer technology. This has been blamed to the lack of awareness among members of the general public (Khosrowpour 2000, p. 4). reliable to the later, the process of qualifying the exact economic loss caused by hazard on internet-based financial transactions is complicated by the fact that only a few cases of the incidences are reported to the relevant authority. Therefore, the war on internet security issues should ensure adequate awareness of the public on how to identify these crimes, p revent them, and/or were to report them. In addition, the global community should seek to establish a unifying law against internet crime as a way of increasing cooperation in the process through excretion of existing bureaucracies.All in all, the problem of electronic financial transactions over the internet security threats remains a major challenge to the reliability of this technological advancement in the society. This is because of the ever changing tactical attacks and innovations employed by internet crime offenders to promote their criminal interests (Carey 2001, p. 102). Some of the mostly cited instruments for promoting insecurity in internet-based financial transaction are malicious computer programs such as Trojan horses, rootkits, and backdoors.This is referable to the fact that such programs are capable of hindering from the system user while still compromising the systems authentication provisions, thus allowing for remote access by unauthorised persons. Such call for the government, software scientists, and financial as well as all other stakeholders to invest more resources in the war against internet transactions insecurity. This should put into consideration the need for promoting public awareness on the nature of internet crimes and were to report them as well as viable prevention measures.